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Early insulin combined with metformin therapy and long-term risks of cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and cancer in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a real-world cohort study in China

Article C Peer reviewed Observational

Key takeaways

This study followed 19,908 people with new type 2 diabetes. It compared those who started insulin and metformin against those who took only metformin. The goal was to see if the combination affects risks for heart, kidney, and cancer issues. It is an observational study, so it shows a link, not proof of cause.

Who did this work

Luning Yan (Shandong University) · Qingxin Luo (Shandong University) · Juying Wang (Shandong Normal University) · Shuo Zhang (Shandong University) · Ruize Xu (Shandong University) · Mingyue Lv (Shandong University) · Ping Su · Shuaijie Zhang (Shandong University) · Xiaokang Ji (Shandong University) · Gaopei Zhu (Shandong Mental Health Center) · Fuzhong Xue (Shandong University)

Source

Article · OpenAlex, CKD works · 2026-09-21
https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1877839