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Dietary macronutrients, macronutrient substitutions, and the risk of cardio-renal-metabolic multimorbidity: a prospective cohort study

Article C Peer reviewed Observational

Key takeaways

A study of 2,539 adults followed for 11.6 years looked at how diet affects the risk of heart, kidney, and diabetes problems. This is an observational study, so it shows a link, not proof of cause. It helps people understand how food choices matter.

Who did this work

Parmis Mirzaei (Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences) · Somayeh Hosseinpour‐Niazi (Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences) · Atieh Amouzegar (Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences) · Parvin Mirmiran (National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute) · Fereidoun Azizi (Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences)

Source

Article · OpenAlex, Kidney disease concept sweep (verified C2778653478) · 2026-10-17
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-026-01223-z